தினம் ஓரு சட்டம் - இ.த.ச 81

   தீங்கிழைக்க வேண்டுமென்ற குற்றக் கருத்தின்றி, நல்லெண்ணத்துடன் ஒரு மனிதர் அல்லது சொத்துக்குத் தீங்கு ஏற்படுவதைத் தடுக்க அல்லது தவிர்க்க ஒரு காரியம் நடைப்பெறுகிறது. அப்போது அங்கு தீங்கு ஏற்படும் என அறிந்தும் அந்தக் காரியத்தைச் செய்து தீங்கு நிகழ்ந்தால், அது குற்றமாகாது.

உதாரணம்
தீப்பற்றி வீடுகள் எரியும்போது, தீ பரவாமல் தடுப்பதற்காக பக்கத்திலுள்ள வீடுகளின் கூரையைப் பிரித்துத் தள்ளுவது குற்றமாகாது என் ஏனில் தீயின் தாக்கம் பரவாமல் இருக்க அக்கம் பக்கத்து வீடுகளைப் பிரித்தது சரியென்றால் அவன் மீது குற்றம் சுமத்த முடியாது.

Section 81 in The Indian Penal Code

81. Act likely to cause harm, but done without criminal intent, and to prevent other harm.—Nothing is an offence merely by reason of its being done with the knowledge that it is likely to cause harm, if it be done without any criminal intention to cause harm, and in good faith for the purpose of preventing or avoiding other harm to person or property. Explanation.—It is question of fact in such a case whether the harm to be prevented or avoided was of such a nature and so imminent as to justify or excuse the risk of doing the act with the knowledge that it was likely to cause harm.

 Illustrations

(a) A, the captain of a steam vessel, suddenly and without any fault or negligence on his part, finds himself in such a position that, before he can stop his vessel, he must inevitably run down to boat B, with twenty or thirty passengers on board, unless he changes the course of his vessel, and that, by changing his course, he must incur risk of running down a boat C with only two passengers on board, which he may possibly clear. Here, if A alters his course without any intention to run down the boat C and in good faith for the purpose of avoiding the danger to the passengers in the boat B, he is not guilty of an offence, though he may run down the boat C by doing an act which he knew was likely to cause that effect, if it be found as a matter of fact that the danger which he intended to avoid was such as to excuse him in incurring the risk of running down the boat C. 

(b) A, in a great fire, pulls down houses in order to prevent the conflagration from spreading. He does this with the intention in good faith of saving human life or property. Here, if it be found that the harm to be prevented was of such a nature and so immi­nent as to excuse A’s act. A is not guilty of the offence. 

[Thanks & Source http://indiankanoon.org/doc/538716/ ]